International Headlines and Stories

France and Ivory Coast are the two favored destinations of Africans who emigrate. The former colonial power in its home soil 2.754 million while the world's largest producer of cocoa welcomes 2.448 million. World Bank figures cited in the introduction of a groundbreaking study aimed to "increase the impact (economic) migration to Africa." This is a reminder that all Africans will live outside their country of origin does not necessarily leave the continent."Two thirds of migrants from sub-Saharan Africa, especially the poorest, will relocate to other parts of the continent, while in the case of North Africa 90% have gone overseas," notes the report .

As Côte d'Ivoire has positioned itself as the main attraction is obviously surprising: the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has noted that over 150,000 Ivorians have fled to Liberia in recent weeks . But the fact is that since the time of French colonization, the country has continued to attract labor nearby. At that point in the 1970s, President Houphouet-Boigny had to launch the concept of ivoirité to reassure citizens worried about the influx of foreigners.

The ebb and flow demographic facing Côte d'Ivoire illustrate the ambivalence of inter-African migration.Although they mainly follow economic motivations for richer countries like Nigeria and South Africa. But sometimes they are "forced migration". UNHCR now counts 2.2 million refugees who have fled as a result of wars or natural disasters, not counting the 6.5 million people displaced within their own country.

Brain drain reaches alarming levels

It can not therefore underestimate the negative impact of migration on neglected regions. The chief economist of the World Bank for Africa, Shantayanan Devarajan, admits that "human capital flight" penalize "the small countries and low income" and "fragile countries emerging from conflict . More general phenomenon, the brain drain, brain drain, is reaching alarming proportions.The Bank notes that a graduate in eight African higher education living in OECD countries. It is a scourge in Ghana: 37.1% of physicians trained in its schools and 55.9% of practitioners were born on the land are working abroad. In total, 11% of nurses and 18% of doctors educated in the south of the Sahara are working in other lands, resulting in a shortage of medical personnel even more pronounced than the country's poor.

Despite these caveats, experts from the World Bank believe that "Africans living abroad are a vital resource." The main channel, it is the remittances, the remittances, as the English word, that expatriates send regularly to their families back in the motherland. This vector is now more important than official development assistance.He pumped $ 39.7 billion in 2010, with 21.5 billion for North Africa and 18.2 for sub-Saharan regions. These funds are also less volatile than foreign direct investment, which fell in 2009 with the crisis.

Introduce dual citizenship for their emigrants

It is possible to increase the impact of these funds that are within families across national borders, said Dilip Ratha, senior economist with the Bank on matters of migration. "Some countries, like Mexico and Turkey, have tried to direct their capital for collective investment, but it did not work. We must preserve their privacy, as is a personal decision to emigrate, "the former judge of Crédit Agricole Indosuez economist of Indian origin.He suggested, however, to tackle the endemic problem of transaction costs, totally excessive (you must pay $ 20 for sending $ 200). The solution would be to play the network of posts and mobile phone companies.

Beyond remittances, Dilip Ratha advocates to mobilize the entire savings of diasporas, which he estimated at $ 30.4 billion annually to sub-Saharan countries. The idea would be to issue savings bonds, similar to what Israel and India have long been, and that Greece seeks to establish with its own diaspora.These securities, issued off-market rates, for ratings from 100 to 10,000 dollars would be used to "finance infrastructure projects and health education."

Last but not least, Dilip Ratha urges African States to introduce dual citizenship for their emigrants (only accept 20 of 54) to strengthen their links with foreign communities. He had no doubt that these diasporas have a great future in view of demographic developments. By 2050, the population of working age will decline by 88 million in Western Europe, where sub-Saharan Africa will have increased his $ 699 million!

Before settling in a small apartment in St. Cloud, just steps from the Seine, has Lagneau Lawrence thought he would never be able to leave Saint-Ouen. At issue: a "preemptive right" exercised by the mayor Audoniens when selling his old studio in 2009, and who has earned more than a year of court proceedings.

This right of preemption makes it possible for local authorities to be given priority when selling a property on any other potential buyer, and at a price generally below the claims of the seller. To exercise this right, the community must demonstrate a specific urban project (renovation, rehabilitation, etc …).But in Saint-Ouen, as in other suburbs of Paris run by municipalities left (Saint-Denis, Bobigny, Bondy, Montreuil, Les Lilas, Nanterre …), the right of first refusal is now held up for the sole purpose of discourage owners from selling their property at a price above the market, otherwise they would face lengthy legal proceedings …

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The net is closing around the football clubs. By last weekend, the president of the Professional Football League (LFP), Frederic Thiriez confirmed the loss of 114.1 million euros for the Ligue 1 clubs in 2009-2010. The report of the National Monitoring Directorate and management has not yet been validated by the union of professional football clubs (UCPF). "The clubs have been affected by the global crisis and the slowdown in the transfer market," he says.

Nevertheless, the president of the LFP is aware that the explanation goes beyond the mere "fact crisis." Revenue transfers fell sharply (-41% in 2009-2010), wages that are consistent, in equity base (-28.8% in 2009-2010) are all reasons for the economic difficulties of football French."Success" of the tender on the television rights to be held between April 30 and May 15 is more than ever sought by clubs in Ligue 1. In other words, they hope that Canal + will raise its offer or another broadcaster will file his candidacy. In an exclusive interview figaro.fr, president of Olympique Lyonnais, Jean-Michel Aulas has admitted that in case of falling revenue from TV rights, it will sell two or three players at the end of the season and reduce the wage bill of around ten million euros.

In addition to increasing revenue, including sponsorship and ticket sales, the long-term goal for the elite of French football is to significantly reduce its expenses. Involved soaring player salaries. "For at least three years, wages have been higher by at least 20% on budget," said Richard Oliver, president of the DNCG free credit score online.While the practice of financial fair play must be established at European level in three years, the DNCG intends to strengthen its supervision of accounts of football clubs.

"Addressing the hazards athletes"

From the 2011-2012 season, the supervisor will compare the funds' own clubs with bigger operating loss, excluding transfers recorded in the last three years. If it was higher than the equity, off-recurring items, the club's transfers in question are framed over a period of three to five years. "The goal is to allow clubs to deal with uncertainties sports, not as a qualification for a European Cup or relegation to a lower division," said Richard Oliver.

At first glance, the clubs would be on the same wavelength as the DNCG.The average salary of new contracts signed in Ligue 1 when last winter transfer window is actually down 7% from the summer of 2010. Yet the annual report of the supervisory authority on the accounts of French clubs for the 2009-2010 season which was published last Friday was postponed. The reason? League 1 expressed pessimism annoyed by the DNCG. "The concerns are not in France when there are foreign clubs, and big clubs, who would not qualify if the financial fair play were applied today," said Jean-Pierre Louvel, president of the 'UCPF.

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Electroshock. The announcement from Steve Jobs yesterday (Monday) to take off again, weighed heavily on investor sentiment. As usual, when the captain left Apple-temporarily-ship Apple, the first symptom is the sudden shiver, followed by the heart racing. And generally, the stock price of the third widest largest market capitalization in the world wins. Is still the case on Tuesday: Mid-afternoon, the title loses 3.55% to 336.11 dollars.

According to Piper Jaffray analyst Gene Munster, "every time Steve Jobs had to leave to sick leave, the impact on Apple stock was lower. The last time the boss's absence, between January and June 2009, the same as Apple has jumped 50% over the period.A few months ago, however, while the man had appeared weak and emaciated at a conference, he had plunged 10% in one week.

Quarterly results expected tonight

So even if the statement sent to its employees, only six lines and rather elusive – you know neither the severity of her condition or the duration of his absence – the mere fact of being "transparent" seems a better way Apple. Tim Cook has sought to clarify that "Jobs is not leaving his post as CEO, we believe that his absence will be both shorter and less serious than last time."

Finally, this Tuesday is the day that Apple unveils its quarterly results. Good numbers might cons-balance the bad news on the health front of Steve Jobs.However, unless major surprise, the publication of tonight should again be placed under the sign of growth and performance, including its flagship iPhone and iPad.

And nothing seems to stop the mad rise of the mark to market the apple. The Apple stock, which has exceeded for the first time in its history the 350 dollars last week, still rose 50% over the last six months. Last May, Apple has ousted its longtime rival Microsoft in terms of market capitalization, which topped the beginning of this year's $ 300 billion.

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After meetings marked by lower Friday Asian stock markets start the week on a positive note. On Monday, the few markets open on this holiday react positively to the announcement of the weekend: recovery, by the People's Bank of China, China's central bank, a quarter point (0.25%) of its Interest rates on loans and deposits, as of December 26. That measure, designed to control runaway inflation in the country, was expected. Despite initial fears that the Chinese economy slowed by the tighten monetary policy, investors welcomed the news, considered positive in the long term.

In China, the Shanghai Stock Exchange the tone Monday, as Hong Kong is closed. The Shanghai Composite was up 0.36% to 2845 points.Financial stocks are up in the image of China Ping An (+1.7%), or Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (+0.5%).

In its wake, the Tokyo Stock Exchange has evolved into positive territory during a quiet session. The Nikkei, which started on a gain of 0.13%, has increased his earnings to finally close on a rise of 0 no fax payday advances.75% to 10,355.99 points. The broader Topix index finished with a gain of 0.33% to 904.68 points. The volume of transactions was particularly low with only 1.25 billion shares traded on the primary market. Note that the small rise in the yen against the dollar during the session did not prevent operators from entering the correct side of the business of exporting companies.

In India, the Sensex gained 0.43%. Scholarships in Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines are closed.Only the Korean KOSDAQ is in the red (-1.23%).

Oil in a disorganized

For their part, crude prices were mixed Monday in electronic trading in Asia. Unlike investors in equity markets, oil markets are cooled by the surprise increase in interest rates according to analysts.

In morning trading, a barrel of light sweet crude for February delivery yielded 23 cents to 91.28 dollars. One of Brent North Sea crude for February delivery gained 12 cents to 93.89 dollars.

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The new head of the UMP, Jean-Francois Cope, was accused in a head-to-head Monday at Matignon, "I'll guarantee, you will be acclaimed Wednesday!" The prime minister smiled . With or without such security, Francois Fillon knows that quick cash advance…

While Apple iPad promises to be "the" Christmas 2010, the multimedia tablet arrives in stores operator Orange.

Until now, customers could buy French on the web in Apple Stores, Fnac, Surcouf, some Carrefour, Leclerc and Casino between 600 and 800 euros.

With the grant from Orange, the price of the iPad 3G falls to 279 euros when purchased with a dedicated package, revealed Monday Stéphane Richard, CEO of France Telecom, Business on BFM.

Orange will offer two packages. One to 35 euros per month, with a commitment of 24 months including 2 GB / month, unlimited WiFi hotspots Orange, unlimited e-mails (including attachments) and unlimited WiFi access at Orange TV . It should offer a second package at 31 euros a month for 1 GBOrange customers will receive a 15% discount on these rates.

SFR and Bouygues in negotiations

Orange is the first operator in France to announce the marketing of the tablet. Not surprising because the French had so far been an excellent distribution channel for Apple iPhone with 3.25 million units sold (including 2.6 million in France), Orange is the second largest seller of the iPhone world behind the U.S. ATT. The French group still expects to sell one million iPhones for Christmas, including well over half in France. However, Orange does not reveal the amounts of iPad he managed to get from Apple.

Beside the iPad, Orange will also offer other tablets: the Samsung (Galaxy) for Christmas and later two other tablets, Huawei and Archos.

Its competitors SFR and Bouygues Telecom are themselves still in negotiations with the firm at the apple.If SFR also hopes to have the iPad for Christmas shopping, Bouygues Telecom does not think the market before 2011.

Because as always with Apple, negotiations are tough. "The demands are huge for Apple. It requires operators of sales volume commitments hallucinating. And also requires very high levels of subsidies, "says an analyst. Apple has not met its sales targets, so it now requires operators to help them. "

It will not be so simple for Apple to get rid of operators, although considering developing its own SIM card. "Whether the iPhone or iPad, if there was no grant of financial operators, Apple would sell a lot, lot less.So the balance of power between Apple and the operators are not quite as lopsided as you might think, "said Stéphane Richard.

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The waltz of contracts with China begins. The telecoms equipment maker Alcatel-Lucent will sign three contracts with operators China Mobile, China Telecom and China Unicom worth a total of 1.1 billion dollars on Friday on the occasion of the visit to France by Chinese President Hu Jintao , which begins Thursday and ends Saturday.

These three framework agreements will allow the OEM to provide networking solutions and application, and integration services and maintenance to the three Chinese operators, Alcatel-Lucent said in a statement.

Moreover, the oil giant Total is set to join the ICC Chinese energy group to build a coal gasification plant in China, reported the daily La Tribune on Tuesday. A contract valued between two and three billion euros.Again, it is during the Chinese president's visit to France that Total has signed a letter of intent with ICC in order to build together a petrochemical production site, according to the business paper. The Chinese head of state should also sign major contracts, including Airbus and Areva.

Total is a minority shareholder in the project and provide a method for manufacturing plastic components from methanol, from himself gasified coal, a technology that aims to produce plastics with coal, natural gas or biomass instead of oil.

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Access to the refinery Grandpuits, blocked for several days, were freed by police at about 9 am Friday. Three members of the picket line were injured, according to the CGT. The police, acting with his bare hands, pushed the protesters to clear the gate of the refinery, and it was during the stampede that people were slightly injured.

The coordinator Total SGC Group, Charles Scarf, denounced Friday a "charge outrageous". "The injured colleagues, a trade unionist and two employees were kicking."

The oil refinery in the Paris region had been requisitioned by the government early Friday morning "on behalf of the interests of national defense."A cordon citizen "of about 80 people, residents and activists of other corporations, had tried to prevent the requisitioning of the refinery ordered by the prefect same day payday loan lenders.

Total Grandpuits site, Seine-et-Marne is one of twelve oil refineries located on French territory, advanced in the protest movement against pension reform. "What has happened is extremely serious," complained Charles scarf during a press briefing in mid-night.

"Roundup of our social"

"From time to Petain, we knew the raids, in the era of Nicolas Sarkozy, we know the roundup of our social, trade union rights of the raid by this request because it hinders the employees in exercising their right to strike" , he said.

Europe 1 radio this morning, the union leader reiterated his criticism: "What has happened to the refinery Grandpuits with that obstacle has the right to strike will undoubtedly create a shock and especially in industry "said union leader on Europe 1.

The prefect of Seine-et-Marne, Michel Guillot, along with some of his collaborators, "came to himself requisitions to staff in order to supply service stations and all clients of Total, all that pretext of a code Defense, "railed one union official.

"No right to hijack the French"

Blocking refineries and fuel depots caused disruptions in the supply of gas stations with the approach of the first departures on holiday of All Saints.Of the approximately 12,300 stations that include France, 2790 were facing shortages as the score made Thursday by the government.

Traveling in the Eure-et-Loir, Nicolas Sarkozy defended Thursday the release of hydrocarbon deposits paralyzed by stating that it could leave a "minority" to hijack the daily life of the French 24 hour pay day loan . "We have no right to take hostage the people who have nothing to do in their daily lives," he said. "By taking hostage the economy, business and everyday life of the French, it will destroy jobs," he added.

The police continued Thursday release of deposits, such as Ruby in Rouen, which supplies the Rouen area and part of the Ile-de-France, said the interior minister, Brice Hortefeux on Europe 1.September filings were released last night, he said, adding that 14 remained paralyzed on the 219 countries of which 96 are considered "priority".

(With agencies)

Computer graphics – refineries blocked in France

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Until then, officially, nothing has changed. At the top of the state, as Areva, the deadline of the end of the year for the capital increase of the global nuclear leadership group remains valid. This deadline was set by the government just before the summer, after the publication of the report Roussely devoted to optimizing the French nuclear industry. This is a major operation, the group wants to raise public 2.5 to 3,000,000,000 euros against 15% stake, valuing the company at over 16 billion euro capital increase .

The three players likely to participate in round table are always the same, since eighteen months: the Japanese industrial conglomerate Mitsubishi, on the one hand, sovereign wealth funds from Qatar and Kuwait, on the other.In July, the Elysee was also asked EDF to study the scenario of an initial stake of Areva.

So much for the conceptual design because, in practice, things get complicated. There are still a few weeks, the parties to the transaction provided almost in unison that the operation was on track for implementation before the end of the year. In recent days the tone has changed. The question was clearly installed. Few people believe that the transaction will be completed within two months, as the obstacles are many. The first of them is to convince investors to go.

Mitsubishi's bid does not seem to necessarily develop. EDF had informed the Japanese industrialist that he would take a dim view such an approximation, so that the electrician uses for some parts exclusively to these two suppliers.There is no doubt that Mitsubishi can not be indifferent to the remarks of the number one global nuclear power.

Another uncertainty: the sovereign funds of Qatar and Kuwait. They would find the ticket too expensive, 30 to 40% according to many observers. "In a negotiation, it is better to start from the top," contends a source close to the government. Landslides calendar – the announcement of capital back to July 2009 – do not promote the motivation of these candidates.

The proceeds

Finally, there is the relationship with EDF. It does not visibly improve. In the entourage of the electrician, we are assured that discussions for an increased stake in EDF's Areva have stalled.Similarly, the electrician did not have access to financial information relating to the capital increase.

On arrival, although the Department of Finance wishes to stress that discussions are continuing in good condition, many uncertainties are present combine. And a question arises: Areva may have to wait a little longer to achieve this capital increase? For its operations and its investments in the short term, the problem is not immediate. The group can count on the proceeds from the sale of its T & D division for nearly 4 billion euros. To this was added last week, the sale of 3.65% stake in Safran for a little over 300 million euros.Areva also has other reserves, the remaining shares and 11% of Safran STMicroelectronics valued at market price at 520 million euros.

But beyond these aspects alone, a delay could put a little pressure the company vis-à-vis rating agencies. In early summer, S & P lowered the rating two notches Areva, reducing it from A to BBB +. Degradation due to delays including construction in Finland. No doubt the Areva group is eager to strengthen its capital base.

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