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The possibility of staff mothers of three children to retire at any age, provided they have completed fifteen years of service, will be removed by the pension reform. 15,000 women each year experience at a cost of several hundred million euros. The purpose of this feature – contested by Brussels sees discrimination against male officers – has barely stirred the objection of the unions. They recognize a hint that these rules "natalist" dating from 1924 are no longer justifiable.

However, the method of extinguishing device is controversial. Women fulfilling the criteria required before 1 January 2012 may still benefit. But the financial conditions will be much less favorable for all those who file their application from 13 July, the day of presentation of the bill in the Council of Ministers.Article 18 provides in effect that from that date, it is the rules of retirement for the year of birth of the mother who count, not those of the year it has fulfilled the two conditions family size and length of service.

Protective provisions

Specifically, "So far, a woman born in 1962 and in 2002, had three children and fifteen years of service, could leave with the rules in force in 2002, before the reform Fillon said Brigitte Jumel (CFDT) . The amount of his pension was then strictly proportional to the number of years of contributions, divided by 37.5 years. If she filed her case on July 13 or after, these are the rules for the 1962 cohort will apply.Consider a calculation 41.25 annuities, with the reform announced last week, and especially a discount for all the missing years, as foreseen by the law Fillon.

The Secretary of State for Public Service does not deny these provisions but ensures that they are actually "protective". It is in effect six months from the filing of the application for retirement and the first payment of pension. And what are the rules valid at the time of liquidation, not when the application is submitted, that apply. That explains the entourage of the Secretary of State George Tron, without this clause "of 13 July," an official who filed his case last May, to go in November – a period when the law on pensions should be entered into force – would have been applied to the methods of calculation less favorable.It is therefore intended, provides the government to "cover" all mothers who wish to leave by the end of the year.

The euro rose again on Monday morning against the dollar. It rated 10 hours to 1.2430 dollars, after touching 1.2460, an increase of 4.6% since it started bouncing on June 7 last, when the exchange rate euro / dollar rate was 1.19. A fast pace for the foreign exchange market.

China, usually accused by Western countries to maintain the exchange rate of its currency artificially low, just a surprise. A week before the G20 summit, the Chinese central bank announced the end of two years of indexing the yuan to the dollar. The aim is to gradually revalue its currency in order to regulate the Chinese economy, which is based on thirty years export.

To believe in technical analysis, "a great potential rebound comes." The first significant resistance (level on which the exchange rate risk of stumbling) is 1.27.Above, the parity would take the lead of 1.33. The trend is now positive short-term above 1.19.

Why such an increase?

The reason for this rebound is mainly technical: the euro has fallen too quickly in recent weeks, the currency had to breathe. Indeed, on 1 January, the euro was trading at $ 1.44, and in December 2009, it was worth even $ 1.51. In other words, between the highest and the lowest point reached in early June to 1.19, the euro has fallen more than 21%!

Other mechanical reason of the rise of the euro: the decline of the dollar which causes the exchange rate euro / dollar rising payday loan. But the greenback fell amid indices acclaimed. "Historically, there has always been an inverse relationship between the U.S. equity market and the greenback," said the chief executive of Saxo Bank, Pierre-Antoine Dusoulier.

And since the announcement of China, which paves the way for a separation of the link between the yuan and the dollar, the yuan prances its highest levels since July 2005. The renminbi, another name for the Chinese currency, reported a record on the interbank market at 6.8089 against the dollar. Faced with the rise of the yuan, the dollar fell back automatically.

The trend remains bearish background

In the medium term, despite five times the highest drop since last December, the trend is still fragile.Even if the single currency does not seem too responsive to European concerns on the health of public finances of countries – including Spain rumors, denied – the macroeconomic situation on the continent remains sluggish, between sluggish growth and unemployment Box, accompanied by rigid budgetary policies.

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Danone and Russian Unimilk announced Friday the signing of an agreement to merge their dairy operations in Russia and nearby states (Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus).

This merger will create a new entity that will represent a turnover of around 1.5 billion euros. With 21% market share, it will be a leader in the dairy area CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States, Ed) and especially in Russia. " They will be checked at 57.5% and 42.5 Danone by current shareholders Unimilk.

In their communique, the two companies emphasize their complementarity, including their geographical location (Danone west, east Unimilk) and their products (on the segmented health Danone and core market segments for Unimilk).Unimilk is currently the second largest private company in the Russian dairy and infant nutrition.

"Nearly twenty years after our debut in Russia, said Franck Riboud, CEO of Danone, the creation of Unimilk Danone Danone is a strategic move in a region characterized by growth for years to come."

Provide access to fiber optics to every home by 2025. A project championed by Nicolas Sarzkoy in February, which would cost 30 billion euros. If the Secretary of State for the Digital Economy, Nathalie Kosciusko-Morizet, announced Wednesday at the fourth "Focus on the high speed" it had mobilized in 2011, about 7 billion euros over four or five years, it is far short.Recall that the need for public funding is in a range of 8 to 10 billion euros in five years.

Even with two billion euros loan from the general and the possible contribution of European funds for "a hundred million a year," the senator from Eure Hervé Maurey, to prepare a report on the financing of high Speed – the first version will be given to the Prime Minister during June – ruled yesterday that it will be difficult to escape a new tax, either on business or on consumers.

"We must find a tax with the broadest possible base for the rate is as low as possible," he argued.

Traders feel targeted by the tax

This ad is not to please operators, already cooled by the tax on broadcasting.At the outset, the secretary general of France Telecom, Pierre Louette has stepped into the breach at the meeting, suspecting that those "on which the tax will fall are always the same."

As for the alternative operators, represented by the assocaition Aforst, representatives denounced a measure that not n'impulserait development project, contrary to claims Hervé Maurey. This is not by reducing "the ability of investment" is encouraged operators operators, says the group.

In March, Martin Bouygues, head of the eponymous group, has raised its voice against the accumulation of taxes and regulation in general in the area.Its subsidiaries Bouygues Telecom and TF1 suffer, he said during the presentation of its 2009 results.

2 million households connected in 2011

According to Arcep, 80,000 French households currently subscribe to the optical fiber while 800,000 are connected to this technology that provides access to the Internet so much faster than ADSL.

Arcep expects more than two million households in France connected to the optical fiber in the summer of 2011.

Free starting to invest with France Telecom

In an interview with Le Figaro on June 2 last, Maxime Lombardini, the CEO of Free, said that France has a competitive environment for Internet broadband.

He said "France is ahead" in technology."France is at the forefront in Europe, thanks to a very successful framework that enables rapid deployment of fiber networks without digging sidewalks and minimizing interference in the condominium through pooling. "

Note that operators will invest together in the optical fiber. France Telecom has also launched an appeal to its competitors. Free has responded.

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Markets were waiting impatiently for the pension reform. Legal age to 62 years pushed, extending the contribution period, rising tax burden … how the government's announcement they will be welcomed by the markets and rating agencies? The AAA rating of France, the best, is the subject of any concerns at Bercy. The goal is to maintain "tight", even said Budget Minister Francois Baroin.

Bercy assured, reports Reuters: "The evaluation of this kind of reform can only be positive by the rating agencies." Ministry experts have calculated that the increase in 60-62 years of age of retirement accounts for 1.2 million jobs and four percentage points of GDP over the long term.Moreover, "these reforms contribute to improving the deficit by about 0.5 percentage points of GDP by 2013, according to the entourage of Christine Lagarde.

"Reform is obviously in the right direction, because the current situation is untenable," responded Dominique Barbet, economist at BNP Paribas market IP. Delaying the retirement age to 62 years is applauded Payday Advance No teletrek. "The symbol of the abolition of the 60 years is important, it is easier to move it more later if needed," said Gilles Moec, economist at Deutsche Bank. The pace of transition to 62 years, faster than originally envisaged, was also approved.

If the limit of 63 years has finally been abandoned, "the government's plan is fairly aggressive in the speed of implementation of the device, which should be effective by 2018", says Dominique Barbet."The unions were expecting perhaps a less violent transition, and the rating agencies at a faster passage. The government must allow both. "

Doubts remain. "I'm not sure whether the final reform" asks Gilles Moec. The growth assumptions Guidance Council retreats are indeed optimistic, with an unemployment rate of 4.5% in 2020 for example. "It also depends if employees choose to work longer to get a full pension, or if they prefer to leave earlier."

The week begins on an auspicious in most markets in Asia. In the wake of the end of last week, particularly on Wall Street Friday evening ended on a net advance of the Nasdaq, investors approach the week with a mind divided between the few signs of easing from the macroeconomic front – fears U.S. employment, may slow in emerging – and persistence of tensions on the monetary front and Budget – austerity plans, national plan for stabilizing the euro area.

While places of Sidney, Shanghai and the Philippines were closed Monday due to holidays, the Nikkei in Tokyo gained approximately 1.6% to 9861 points in less than an hour of closing pushed particularly by Honda s make the award more than 3%.The group would reach an agreement with its Chinese supplier, enabling the Japanese automaker to resume normal work on Monday after a week of strike.

On the other cities in the region, the benchmark Hang Seng Stock Exchange of Hong Kong reverts to the threshold of 20,000 points to 20,047 points (0.88%). Elsewhere, the Seoul Stock Exchange gained 0.9% while in Bombay, the index yielded 0.8%.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro continues to strengthen. He traded this morning at 1.2183 dollars against 1.2077 dollars on Friday in New York. Against the yen, the euro also asserts upward to 111.91 yen against 110.65 Friday.

The strengthening of the euro leads to crude prices upward.In morning trade in Asia, a barrel of light sweet crude for July delivery gained a little over 80 cents to 74.59 dollars while Brent North Sea, with identical maturity, took 54 cents to 74 , $ 89.

Two years after being sold by HSBC Group Banque Populaire, Société Marseillaise de Credit (SMC) might again change hands. The daily La Tribune, the CMS would be on the verge of being sold to Societe Generale.

Considered the nugget of all seven regional banks from HSBC France sold to the Banque Populaire Group in July 2008 – SMC was valued 1.1 billion euros over the 2.1 billion that the transaction cost – it should join the network of Crédit du Nord, a 100% subsidiary of Societe Generale, which already includes seven regional banks, the newspaper said without citing its sources.

The recovery of the MSC requested Rothschild neared 650 million, adds the site of La Tribune, reporting that it was 1.1 billion euros at the time of its acquisition.

Meanwhile, SMC, maintained by Live Banques Populaires, had been transferred to 880 million euros to all BPCE at its incorporation in August 2009, said the Tribune.

The European Central Bank (ECB) has revised upwards on Thursday the euro zone growth for 2010, but reduced its estimates for 2011. This year, says the guardian of the euro, growth should be between 0.7% and 1.3%, against 0.4% and 1.2% previously. Exports should benefit the business area, "said ECB president Jean-Claude Trichet.

In contrast, growth should be adversely affected by weaker domestic demand in 2011 than originally planned. The ECB now expects growth understood in a very wide range from 0.2% to 2.2%, against 0.5% to 2.5% previously estimated. Probably the negative effect of harsh announced plans in recent days, including Germany and Spain.In this context, inflation is likely to remain "moderate", said Jean-Claude Trichet.

"We believe that the euro zone economy would grow at a moderate pace in an environment (…) unusually high uncertainty", said Jean-Claude Trichet. "The uncertainty and the level of growth is not writing, it also depends on us", European institutions and governments, stressed the central banker faxless pay day loans. The ECB "endeavors to be an anchor, an island of confidence."

The euro, "very credible"

The ECB president also did not comment on the fall of the euro seen in recent weeks. The single currency, he hammered a currency is "very credible".He did not give further details regarding the buyback of government bonds in place last May in order to guarantee liquidity in a market completely frozen. The ECB has bought for 16.5 billion euros of bonds the first week, 10 billion for the second week, then 5.5 billion for the third, said only Jean-Claude Trichet.

The ECB president was pressed with questions about this decision heterodox. Done rare, Axel Weber, the German member of the Governing Council of the ECB, it is even publicly opposed. Jean-Claude Trichet reiterated that there was "a currency, a central bank, a board of governors," and therefore "a decision and an explanation for this decision" .

Finally good news for Airbus and its flagship plane, the A380. The last contract was conducted in January 2009 when Air Austral has ordered two A380 single-class (840 seats eco). Since then … nothing. The contract signed by Emirates giant comes as the program switches from a phase marked by a painful industrial ramp-up phase of maturity and control of industrial processes.

This, ten years after the decision of both industrial policy by France and Germany to launch the A380 as part of the creation of EADS, parent company of Airbus. And two and a half years after the first delivery of the superjumbo to Singapore Airlines, the launch company.In recent weeks, "there's better on the forehead in the euro-dollar, even though its effect will be read in the accounts in the medium term, there is better on a better control programs, production rates will increase (for the A320 and A380, Ed), thereby supporting the generation of cash. The giant command adds a bit more "positive" about the title, "Yan Derocles development, aerospace analyst with Oddo who recently moved to purchase the title.

Price increase expected

Airbus, which had produced and delivered ten A380 aircraft in 2009 (and thirty since October 2007) will double the pace this year. "We have good visibility and for the first time in the first quarter, the program has been consistent with expected costs," said Louis yesterday Welsh, president of EADS.Costs too high, since this year, Boeing will lose money on each aircraft produced no fax pay day loans. But Thomas Enders, the Airbus chief, said that "from 2012, we should begin to win," so that the A380 will contribute fully to the operating result (ebit) of Airbus from 2014 . This, taking as a basis for calculating a euro-dollar parity of 1.30. The evolution of the two currencies in the medium term will be crucial.

In terms of business strategy, Airbus is also a turning point. It should trigger a second wave of orders in conquering new customers.The contract giant Emirates is great, but it comes from a company already convinced by the A380 and Airbus has always maintained in good and bad times.

This contract allows, however, John Leahy, marketing director, put pressure on companies that are slow to make the leap. The delivery of the A380 are now virtually come to an end until 2017. If a company wants the A380, it would have incentives not to expect too much as far as prices go up. But, argues Airbus A380 will be a must. The device has proven its economic and ecological efficiency, as evidenced by the feedback of its first customers. Airbus forecasts a market of 1,500 aircraft by 2030 for very large aircraft. Without rival, the A380 should prevail on this market and be a cash machine on the exceptional duration of the program, or forty years.

Surprising as it may seem, the regions now pay the consequences of the reform of the pension system by SNCF, negotiated in 2007 by the government. In exchange for extending their period of contribution, the railroad has received various forms of compensation (new longevity step, time-saving account …) which, in total, cost 80 million per year from their business is up and running.

But part of that premium is now invoiced regions. These are in charge of regional express trains (TER). An activity inherently deficient, the ticket price only covers about one quarter of the charges. The regions "pay" for it so the station continues to operate these small lines. Specifically, the sign with the company elected public multi-year agreements, often over ten years, which regulate these funding issues.And it is anticipated that if, in the meantime, a law or a decree adopted at national level have an impact euro hard cash at the convention, the SNCF and the region shall, by agreement, review the financial conditions . The reform of the pension plan of the station into this framework.

In some regions, such as the Languedoc-Roussillon, the case has not yet been opened. But in others, the overhead of pensions has been included in escalation clauses when signing new contracts. Elected officials, who did not always detected these clauses are now discovering the pot to the roses. "In 2010, the bill for pensions for railroad workers is 3.3 million euros for Aquitaine," said Alain Rousset, President of PS and its Chairman of the Association of Regions of France (ARF). The magnitude is the same for Burgundy."The surcharge, which was 1 million in 2008 and 1.5 million in 2009, will reach 2 million in 2010 and 5 million per year thereafter," says Francois Patriat, Chairman PS Regional Council. The ARF has not yet calculated the total amount of the overcharge for the 22 regions. But there should be several tens of millions of euros.

Action against the State

In absolute terms, the regions where expenses exceed 26 billion could absorb this unexpected bill. Example of Burgundy, the region has an annual budget of 770 million and 200 million per year dedicated to B (50 million for the purchase of trains and 150 million of benefits). But the political context changes everything. The strained relations between local officials and the government. Nicolas Sarkozy has announced a freeze on grants paid by the state to local governments.

And since the reform of business tax, regional councils receive only the taxes they can not adjust the rate. The fact that the state refuses to compensate for the additional areas of pensions of railroad goes very badly. "This pension reform was imposed on us by the government. This would be the State to bear the consequences, "said Francois Patriat. Elected representatives decided to file an appeal before the tribunal to condemn the State. Franche-Comte has done the same. And considering the Aquitaine. "I have enough for the state to discard" protests Alain Rousset.

The success achieved by their counterparts in other departmental areas, protection of children, encourages regional representatives: general advice PS Saone-et-Loire and Seine-Saint-Denis have got the Council of State that the state is condemned for lack of funding.

It is also true that elected officials do not feel size now to renegotiate the terms with the offending station. "We are at an end of major negotiations between the government and the SNCF. The balance of power is not in our favor, "says Alain Rousset.

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