The Paris city council, which organized the operation every summer since 2002, has in fact faced with a limited budget for this year 2010: 2.2 million euros (about $ 1 million from the partners), against 2.5 million 2009. A reduction of 300,000 euros. The time savings, and Paris Plages is no exception.

Witness the profusion of the sponsors of the operation."Our partners are also affected by the crisis," says one to the City of Paris. "Some can no longer support such partnerships. Others simply want to change backgrounds. "Thus Dailymonop, which is part of the adventure for eight years, this association has not renewed this year. Orange and EDF are no longer either in the list of sponsors of the Paris demonstration.

The dance partners

The cement manufacturer Lafarge, it is still there. As every summer for eight years, the group sent last weekend of the 2000 tons of sand needed to achieve the beach on the quays Voie Georges Pompidou and the Bassin de la Villette free credit report and score. Delivery, "offered", which was carried by barge from the quarry Sandrancourt in the Yvelines.Other faithful among the faithful, Fnac is a partner unassailable. Beaches and Paris will host the 7th edition of the Festival FnacIndétendances. More than 30 free concerts on the square of the Hôtel de Ville in Paris.

The event in Paris has not lost its capital seduction. "Despite the crisis, several companies have joined in Paris Beaches for the first time this year," remarked Will there be the City Hall of Paris. It must be said that the event represents a great marketing opportunity. Thus Fatboy (a manufacturer of decorative cushions) and rely on the glacier Mÿberry Paris Beaches to highlight their products. The market teaches Franprix (Casino Group), meanwhile, relies on the event to strengthen its brand positioning proximity.

The promise of visibility

For the first time, the sign of the Casino Group is an official partner of Paris Plages.She co-hosted several times a day, a workshop smoothies for children. "This stand, fun and educational, aims to transport the children into the world of fruits and vegetables," says Jean-Paul Mochet, Director of Market Franprix. A visibility that is timely for the brand which has rolled out a new sales concept focusing on fresh and authentic.

Jean-Paul Mochet, Director of Market Franprix.

This funnel, called "Top Hat Number 10", should recover up to 80,000 barrels of oil per day (12.7 million liters), against 25,000 now. The authorities are optimistic that based on their assessments, the well lost more than 60,000 barrels per day. The previous dome will be first removed. A large quantity of oil escape so well for 48 hours.But once the new funnel posed, the results will be immediate, promises Thad Allen.

Since April 20, the day of the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon platform off the coast of Louisiana, BP has increased its attempts to clogging, all unsuccessful.

No stop before August

BP was more cautious in its forecasts. Bob Dudley, responsible for managing the disaster, spoke of another scenario where difficulties in installing the new funnel could delay the time from Monday to Thursday.

But authorities are confident: "We have the climate we need," said Thad Allen. The admiral, however, required to calm the enthusiasm that followed the announcement. "I used the word 'contain' and not 'stop'," he commented. According to him, the well would not be closed as well as two-pass will not be completed.These wells, dug deep to inject cement and mud, should not be installed until mid-August. Once the leak stopped, the extensive cleaning and restoration of the ratings will continue.

Anadarko does not pay

On this last point, BP was again struck Friday denied Anadarko Petroleum. The company, which owns 25% of wells responsible for the spill, said she would not pay the $ 272 million that BP is asking her to cover their share of cleanup costs, according to U.S. law known pollution.

On June 18, the tension was raised a notch between the two partners lorsqu'Anadarko stated that the explosion of April 20 on the platform Deepwater Horizon, "was preventable and was a direct result of decisions and actions BP unthinking.

In another e-mail sent Friday, a spokesman for Anadarko, John Christiansen, however, felt that his group remained "committed to working in good faith with BP to reach a satisfactory resolution."

BP is now awaiting the response of Mitsui, which owns 10% of the wells. The British oil giant is claiming $ 112 million for cleanup costs. The company has not yet made its position.

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The IMF draws attention to the financial sector, less and less stable, due to the rising public debt in many countries. It focuses on the risks as well, which "have greatly increased" since April.The international institution recognizes that "progress toward global financial stability have recently suffered a setback. The risks on the public debt in some part of the eurozone have materialized and extended the financial sector in the region, threatening to spread to other regions and generate a downward spiral again winning the economy. "

Reaction of central banks

In this context, the IMF estimated that some central banks may have to ease these tensions further relaxing its monetary policy. They could be forced to inject new liquidity into the economy. The question is what will be the decisions of the European Central Bank and Bank of England, who must keep their monetary policy meetings in the day. Governments are also urged to take action to support the economy.The International Monetary Fund has renewed its request for implementation of "emergency" plans "medium-term fiscal consolidation pro-growth".

Experts cabinet Alixpartner highlight the "resilience" rather remarkable aerospace facing a crisis which has "devastated most industries, in the words of Eric Bernardini, Associate Director. After three years of strong growth (+15 to +17%), the slowdown has been severe but the activity remained positive with an increase of 2% in the world. This, in an environment where credit was becoming scarce and expensive.

This resilience reflects the fact that the aviation industry is a long cycle that "smooth" dips and rebounds of activity.When the crisis broke out, the order books are well filled – they are between 6 and 7 years of work with Airbus and Boeing, for example – the U.S. defense budget remains high at over 600 billion dollars and companies will react quickly launching plans for reorganization to optimize their cost base. But the overall increase in activity concealed differences: the regional airline and business aviation have suffered more from the crisis in commercial aviation (aircraft above 110 seats).

What about 2010?

"Do not expect to find pre-crisis levels," warns Eric Bernardini. The first quarter of the year was marked by a 9% drop in shipments compared to the same period of 2009 with 261 aircraft confondues.Cela all categories, while new orders taken are not strong after the fall of 70% of last year.

Several negative factors do not advocate a resumption free. First, the defense budget at best stagnant in the West with a likely decline in the U.S. and cuts already adopted in France, Germany and Great Britain. This marks a break with the period 1999-2009. In ten years, this budget has increased by 167% in the USA, 104% in France, but 181% in Saudi Arabia, Russia 272% and 294% in China. "But in real terms, the EU budget has stagnated, it has instead increased in the rest of the world," the study said.

Then, weak clients in commercial aviation. "With 0.5% margin forecast by 2010, the airline business model is not profitable in the long term," said Thierry Down, Alixpartner partner in the firm.Majors are also increasingly threatened by the rise of new players from the Asia-Pacific region and Middle East policies that lead to acquisitions of new equipment and aggressive pricing as well as the installation in the landscape of low cost.

And in the longer term?

The aviation industry is expected, according Alixpartner remain a growth industry. Thanks to the strength of emerging markets in Asia Pacific and Middle East in the years to come. The study of new aircraft deliveries projected to increase 15% per year by 2028, three times faster than air traffic.

The contract will be subject to strong pressure on prices with the arrival of new competitors in particular on the lucrative segment of the short and medium haul routes.The C-Series from Canada's Bombardier and Mitsubishi MRJ Japanese between 2013 and 2015 and the C-919 Chinese Comac to 2017 (and perhaps also a future large-derived Embraer E-190) will break the duopoly of Airbus Boeing and their A 320 and B 737. The arrival of his new players posed with even more accuité the issue of repowering existing Airbus and Boeing or the launch of new devices.

The pressure on prices will be high on the international defense market, U.S. groups seek growth from outside their borders. And taking probably the way of acquisitions.

What lessons did from the crisis?

Aerospace has been facing the worst crisis of his violent history at a time when she changed her business model.Boeing led the way, followed by Airbus, opting for the outsourcing of whole aircraft to major partners who share the financial risk and industry (risk-sharing partners). The model is not fixed so far, but already he designed a new deal between manufacturers and suppliers of rank 1. "It is evolving towards a model where not only the charges and development will be shared but also the earnings. Some vendors provide penalties for delay if the programs of manufacturers are backlogged. This can be a risky gamble for the supplier but overall, the balance of power balances gradually ", explains Thierry down.

Result: 8.6% in 2009, the profitability of major equipment has become for the first time higher than that of manufacturers that spring to 6.2%.Overall, manufacturers have been penalized by delays in recovery of their new programs (B 787, A 380 and A 400M), which has cost them billions of euros and has weighed on their accounts. Mais ces chiffres globaux cachent à nouveau de grandes disparités et mettent en lumière la faiblesse des acteurs européens par rapports aux géants américains. "In our study, few major European suppliers are well placed. the winners are those who realize a significant part of their business in the United States as the British Cobham, "said Eric Bernardini. The French equipment already handicapped by a structure of costs in euros on a market where the reference currency is the dollar, are particularly poorly placed with margin levels that are almost the double.

It is therefore urgent to organize and optimize its cost structure.Some have understood like a Zodiac, which has returned to acquisitions and has balanced its business conducted in dollars and one conducted in euro. French SMEs are particularly vulnerable because they are too small and no financial base. "Some have understood that they must join forces and others not," note the experts at AlixPartners. In Aerostructures (elements that when assembled form the fuselage of the plane) there is urgency with four players in France (15 in Europe) against the giant American Spirit and subsidiaries of major Japanese companies Mitsubishi and Kawasaki.

Mergers and acquisitions will they return?

Yes, says the study. Especially since they have not stopped but simply slowed during the crisis operations from 238 to 156 between 2008 and 2009. In the first quarter of 2010, we are 51.The Americans who were most active on this front between 2005 and 2009 with 484 operations should continue to play outposts. If Europeans have been rather discreet in number of transactions in the period with the notable exception of Thales, they have been very active if we take the size criteria for acquisitions. Leader in this category, Italy's Finmeccanica. But in none of the categories cited by the study is EADS, the European giant who nevertheless want to ensure complete acquisitions in order to realign its business in the defense and security.

The Aerostructures segment very crumbled, electrical systems and maintenance and repair should experience the largest wave of consolidation, particularly in Europe. In total, the five main players in these three activities controlled only 40%, 40% and 27% market share.

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This reflects "an upward revision to imports and a downward revision to consumer spending," says the Department of Commerce. A phenomenon only partly offset by "an upward revision of exports and changes in business inventories."

"It's disappointing," Judge Inna Mufteeva, economist at Natixis U.S.."Consumer spending was revised down from 3.5% to 3% payday loan online. Shortly reassuring, while half of this increase can be attributed to the plan of Barack Obama, according to Natixis. The fact that fiscal stimulus should deflate during the second half of the year.

Also somewhat reassuring, the growth was largely supported (1.9 to 2.7%) by a motor very tentative: the recovery of businesses. Explanation: During the crisis, American companies have used their stocks. Until no longer have anything in their warehouses. In recent months, they have therefore produced and placed an order to replenish their stocks, thereby amplifying the rebound in growth. Good news is that the investment factor for structural growth, jumped 11% in the first quarter of 2010.

This merger will create a new entity that will represent a turnover of around 1.5 billion euros. With 21% market share, it will be a leader in the dairy area CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States, Ed) and especially in Russia. " They will be checked at 57.5% and 42.5 Danone by current shareholders Unimilk.

In their communique, the two companies emphasize their complementarity, including their geographical location (Danone west, east Unimilk) and their products (on the segmented health Danone and core market segments for Unimilk).Unimilk is currently the second largest private company in the Russian dairy and infant nutrition.

"Nearly twenty years after our debut in Russia, said Franck Riboud, CEO of Danone, the creation of Unimilk Danone Danone is a strategic move in a region characterized by growth for years to come."

While places of Sidney, Shanghai and the Philippines were closed Monday due to holidays, the Nikkei in Tokyo gained approximately 1.6% to 9861 points in less than an hour of closing pushed particularly by Honda s make the award more than 3%.The group would reach an agreement with its Chinese supplier, enabling the Japanese automaker to resume normal work on Monday after a week of strike.

On the other cities in the region, the benchmark Hang Seng Stock Exchange of Hong Kong reverts to the threshold of 20,000 points to 20,047 points (0.88%). Elsewhere, the Seoul Stock Exchange gained 0.9% while in Bombay, the index yielded 0.8%.

On the foreign exchange market, the euro continues to strengthen. He traded this morning at 1.2183 dollars against 1.2077 dollars on Friday in New York. Against the yen, the euro also asserts upward to 111.91 yen against 110.65 Friday.

The strengthening of the euro leads to crude prices upward.In morning trade in Asia, a barrel of light sweet crude for July delivery gained a little over 80 cents to 74.59 dollars while Brent North Sea, with identical maturity, took 54 cents to 74 , $ 89.

This, ten years after the decision of both industrial policy by France and Germany to launch the A380 as part of the creation of EADS, parent company of Airbus. And two and a half years after the first delivery of the superjumbo to Singapore Airlines, the launch company.In recent weeks, "there's better on the forehead in the euro-dollar, even though its effect will be read in the accounts in the medium term, there is better on a better control programs, production rates will increase (for the A320 and A380, Ed), thereby supporting the generation of cash. The giant command adds a bit more "positive" about the title, "Yan Derocles development, aerospace analyst with Oddo who recently moved to purchase the title.

Price increase expected

Airbus, which had produced and delivered ten A380 aircraft in 2009 (and thirty since October 2007) will double the pace this year. "We have good visibility and for the first time in the first quarter, the program has been consistent with expected costs," said Louis yesterday Welsh, president of EADS.Costs too high, since this year, Boeing will lose money on each aircraft produced no fax pay day loans. But Thomas Enders, the Airbus chief, said that "from 2012, we should begin to win," so that the A380 will contribute fully to the operating result (ebit) of Airbus from 2014 . This, taking as a basis for calculating a euro-dollar parity of 1.30. The evolution of the two currencies in the medium term will be crucial.

In terms of business strategy, Airbus is also a turning point. It should trigger a second wave of orders in conquering new customers.The contract giant Emirates is great, but it comes from a company already convinced by the A380 and Airbus has always maintained in good and bad times.

This contract allows, however, John Leahy, marketing director, put pressure on companies that are slow to make the leap. The delivery of the A380 are now virtually come to an end until 2017. If a company wants the A380, it would have incentives not to expect too much as far as prices go up. But, argues Airbus A380 will be a must. The device has proven its economic and ecological efficiency, as evidenced by the feedback of its first customers. Airbus forecasts a market of 1,500 aircraft by 2030 for very large aircraft. Without rival, the A380 should prevail on this market and be a cash machine on the exceptional duration of the program, or forty years.

But part of that premium is now invoiced regions. These are in charge of regional express trains (TER). An activity inherently deficient, the ticket price only covers about one quarter of the charges. The regions "pay" for it so the station continues to operate these small lines. Specifically, the sign with the company elected public multi-year agreements, often over ten years, which regulate these funding issues.And it is anticipated that if, in the meantime, a law or a decree adopted at national level have an impact euro hard cash at the convention, the SNCF and the region shall, by agreement, review the financial conditions . The reform of the pension plan of the station into this framework.

In some regions, such as the Languedoc-Roussillon, the case has not yet been opened. But in others, the overhead of pensions has been included in escalation clauses when signing new contracts. Elected officials, who did not always detected these clauses are now discovering the pot to the roses. "In 2010, the bill for pensions for railroad workers is 3.3 million euros for Aquitaine," said Alain Rousset, President of PS and its Chairman of the Association of Regions of France (ARF). The magnitude is the same for Burgundy."The surcharge, which was 1 million in 2008 and 1.5 million in 2009, will reach 2 million in 2010 and 5 million per year thereafter," says Francois Patriat, Chairman PS Regional Council. The ARF has not yet calculated the total amount of the overcharge for the 22 regions. But there should be several tens of millions of euros.

Action against the State

In absolute terms, the regions where expenses exceed 26 billion could absorb this unexpected bill. Example of Burgundy, the region has an annual budget of 770 million and 200 million per year dedicated to B (50 million for the purchase of trains and 150 million of benefits). But the political context changes everything. The strained relations between local officials and the government. Nicolas Sarkozy has announced a freeze on grants paid by the state to local governments.

And since the reform of business tax, regional councils receive only the taxes they can not adjust the rate. The fact that the state refuses to compensate for the additional areas of pensions of railroad goes very badly. "This pension reform was imposed on us by the government. This would be the State to bear the consequences, "said Francois Patriat. Elected representatives decided to file an appeal before the tribunal to condemn the State. Franche-Comte has done the same. And considering the Aquitaine. "I have enough for the state to discard" protests Alain Rousset.

The success achieved by their counterparts in other departmental areas, protection of children, encourages regional representatives: general advice PS Saone-et-Loire and Seine-Saint-Denis have got the Council of State that the state is condemned for lack of funding.

It is also true that elected officials do not feel size now to renegotiate the terms with the offending station. "We are at an end of major negotiations between the government and the SNCF. The balance of power is not in our favor, "says Alain Rousset.

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"There is a French project that builds on the success of Nestle Pure Life," said Le Figaro Hubert Genieys, communications director of Nestlé Waters. The group is "by the summer" to make a decision. The weather also seal the fate of Aquarel spring water to Nestle family launched in 2000 with sales in France have not taken off.And that could eventually be replaced by the French version of Pure Life Pure Life.

Nestle Pure Life is tested in twenty supermarkets size of Le Mans and Angers, the two largest test markets in Europe, as announced last month our colleague Ray beverage. The test should be completed in the coming days, once the remaining stocks sold. "The book starts slowly," says Jean-Marc Renaudin, head of the radius drinks Leclerc Angers. "It's a grain of sand against a mountain!" He adds, referring to sales of Cristaline: the market leader – sold € 1.02 pack of six 1.5 liter bottles – sells 25 30 pallets per week (2800-3360 packs), while Pure Life, which costs twice as much, capped at half a pallet (32 packs) … In times of promotions (- 50%), however, sales may go up to four half-pallets in a weekend.In Intermarché of Le Mans, the permanent discount on Pure Life (1.02 euro) cut the lead in sales (which reads from one to ten) with Cristaline.

The linear congested

"It is completely below the cost price, these prices will not last long!" Fumed Peter Papillaud majority shareholder group Alma (Cristaline Vichy Celestine, St Yorre, etc..), Which gives the winning Figaro 0.33 euro per bottle, without promotion or communication, through reduced shipping costs to a minimum. Since he has seen at Le Mans last month, the posters of Pure Life, Peter Papillaud still furious. He campaigned against Nestlé with its distributor customers.Until patterns of signs to which he recalls that they allowed, with Cristaline, "not to lose money on the waters first prize."

The placement price of one Pure Life is strangely reminiscent of Aquarel (2.95 euros per pack of 6), a time sponsor of the Tour de France, with which Nestlé wanted to become a leader in Europe. Number two in Spain, and number three in Hungary, Aquarel never exceeded 1.5% market share in France. In several large areas of Le Mans and Angers, it has already disappeared from the shelves for almost a year. "In France, in a particularly unfavorable brand now boasts good performances, however, below our expectations," said Hubert Genieys."Aquarel suffered a mid-range position, caught between an actor unbeatable pricing and what Cristaline mineral water like Evian, Volvic and Vittel that provide reinsurance, analysis Bernard Malik, a partner the firm Roland Berger.

This does not Nestle to think big. He hopes to replicate the success story in France Pure Life number one in the United States, Egypt and Jordan, number three in Turkey and Shanghai. His recipe: low price, strong networking planning and adaptability to local consumption patterns. Launched in 1998 in Pakistan, the water present in 28 countries is natural in France, addressed to the U.S., desalinated in the Middle East, remineralized in some countries. For five years, she has an annual growth of 24%, but its presence in northern Europe is limited to Great Britain and Germany.Nestle's dream to find a recipe for anti-crisis on the French market.

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